reportingattribution

Reporting attribution is the practice in journalism of clearly identifying the sources of information, quotes, documents, and data used in a report. Attribution serves transparency and accountability, helping readers assess credibility and the relative authority of the information. It also distinguishes the journalist's analysis from sourced material.

There are levels of attribution. On the record means the source is named and can be quoted directly. On background means the information can be used but the source is not named. Deep background or anonymous attribution allows sharing information while withholding the source's identity, typically under strict conditions.

Editorial standards emphasize accuracy, corroboration, and fair treatment. Journalistic codes encourage seeking multiple sources, avoiding misquotation, and placing quotes and data in context. Clear language about how information was obtained, including time and location when relevant, helps readers understand credibility.

Challenges include misattribution, quote mining, and reliance on a single source. Best practices include verifying information through independent corroboration, keeping records of sources, and obtaining consent for off-the-record material. In data reporting, attribution extends to data sources, methodologies, and licensing.

In the digital media environment, attribution may involve links, metadata, and citations that accompany online content. Proper attribution supports accountability, reduces misinformation, and reinforces trust in reporting.