protikladné

Protikladné is a Czech adjective meaning opposite, antonymous, or contrary. It is used to describe words, concepts, or statements that stand in opposition to another. In linguistics, protikladné terms correspond to antonyms, with subtypes such as complementary, gradable, and relational antonyms. Examples include teplý vs studený (hot vs cold), drahý vs levný (expensive vs cheap), and velký vs malý (large vs small).

The term also appears in logic and philosophy to describe contradictory propositions, where two statements cannot be true at the same time; in this sense, A and not A are protikladné. In everyday Czech, protikladné can be used to describe opposing opinions, ideas, or attributes, as in protikladné názory or protikladné pojmy.

Morphology and usage: protikladný is the base form of the adjective and inflects by gender and number like other Czech adjectives. Typical forms include protikladný (masc. sg.), protikladná (fem. sg.), and protikladné (neut. sg.), with corresponding plural forms used in sentences.

Etymology: protikladné is formed from proti- meaning against and kladný meaning positive or favorable, reflecting the notion of something that stands in opposition to another term. The word is primarily used in Czech, but the concept it conveys—opposition or antonymy—appears across languages and fields, including linguistics, philosophy, and logic.