preanalyyttisten

Preanalytical phase refers to the steps taken before a sample is analyzed in a laboratory. This phase is crucial as it significantly influences the accuracy and reliability of the analytical results. Preanalytical errors are among the most common sources of errors in laboratory medicine, accounting for up to 95% of all errors. These errors can occur at various stages, including sample collection, transportation, handling, and storage.

Proper sample collection is the first step in the preanalytical phase. It involves selecting the appropriate sample type, using the correct collection method, and ensuring the sample is representative of the patient's condition. The sample should be collected in a sterile manner to prevent contamination. Once collected, the sample must be transported to the laboratory promptly to maintain its integrity. The use of appropriate containers and preservatives is essential to prevent degradation of the sample during transportation.

Sample handling and storage are critical steps in the preanalytical phase. Samples must be handled carefully to avoid contamination and degradation. Proper labeling of samples is essential to ensure they are processed correctly. Storage conditions, such as temperature and humidity, must be controlled to maintain the stability of the sample. Each type of sample has specific storage requirements, and deviations from these can lead to inaccurate results.

Quality control measures are integral to the preanalytical phase. Regular calibration and validation of equipment, as well as training of personnel, are essential to ensure the reliability of the preanalytical process. Documentation of all steps in the preanalytical phase is crucial for traceability and accountability. This includes recording details such as the time of collection, transportation, and storage conditions.

In summary, the preanalytical phase is a critical component of laboratory medicine that involves careful sample collection, transportation, handling, and storage. Proper procedures in this phase are essential to ensure accurate and reliable analytical results.