pitotputki

Pitotputki, also known as Pitot tubes, are instruments used to measure fluid flow velocity. They were invented by Henri Pitot in the early 18th century and are widely used in various fields such as aviation, meteorology, and hydrology. The basic principle behind a Pitot tube is the conversion of dynamic pressure into a measurable pressure.

A Pitot tube consists of a tube with one end facing the oncoming fluid flow and the other end connected to a pressure-measuring device. The dynamic pressure is the difference between the total pressure (measured at the front of the tube) and the static pressure (measured at the side of the tube). This dynamic pressure is then used to calculate the fluid's velocity.

In aviation, Pitot tubes are crucial for measuring airspeed. They are typically mounted on the aircraft's fuselage and connected to the pitot-static system, which also includes a static port to measure atmospheric pressure. The airspeed indicator then uses this data to display the aircraft's speed.

Pitot tubes are also used in meteorology to measure wind speed and in hydrology to measure water flow velocity. They are simple, reliable, and widely used due to their low cost and ease of installation. However, they have limitations, such as being sensitive to the angle of attack and requiring a straight, unobstructed path for accurate measurements.