pentózový

Pentózový refers to something related to pentoses. Pentoses are monosaccharides, which are simple sugars, containing five carbon atoms. They are a subset of carbohydrates. The general formula for a pentose is C5H10O5. Common examples of pentoses include ribose and deoxyribose, which are crucial components of nucleic acids like RNA and DNA, respectively. Ribose is a component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells. Another important pentose is xylose, which is found in hemicellulose, a component of plant cell walls. In biological systems, pentoses play vital roles in energy metabolism and the structure of genetic material. They can exist in cyclic forms, either as furanoses (five-membered rings) or pyranoses (six-membered rings). The specific arrangement of hydroxyl groups on the carbon chain distinguishes different pentoses.