opszonizációs

Opszonizáció is a biological process that enhances phagocytosis. It involves the coating of pathogens or particulate matter by molecules called opsonins, which are found in the blood and other bodily fluids. These opsonins act as "tags" that are recognized by specific receptors on phagocytic cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils. When opsonins bind to both the target particle and the phagocytic cell, they effectively bridge the gap, facilitating a more efficient and robust engulfment of the target. This process is a crucial part of the innate immune system, helping to clear bacteria, viruses, and cellular debris. Common opsonins include antibodies, complement proteins, and C-reactive protein. The presence of opsonins significantly increases the likelihood that a phagocytic cell will internalize and destroy a foreign particle or pathogen. Without opszonizáció, phagocytosis would be a much less effective mechanism for immune surveillance and defense.