oligonukleót

Oligonukleotid is a short DNA or RNA molecule composed of a small number of nucleotide monomers, typically ranging from 2 to 20. The term "oligo" signifies a small number, distinguishing these molecules from longer polynucleotides like genomic DNA or messenger RNA. Oligonucleotides can be synthesized artificially in a laboratory setting using automated chemical processes. These synthesized molecules play a crucial role in molecular biology and biotechnology. They are widely used as primers in polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a technique for amplifying DNA. In diagnostics, they serve as probes to detect specific DNA or RNA sequences. Furthermore, oligonucleotides are employed in gene silencing techniques like RNA interference (RNAi) and in the development of antisense therapies. Their precise sequence and length make them valuable tools for manipulating and studying nucleic acids.