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The visual cortex is the part of the cerebral cortex responsible for processing visual information. It is located in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain. The primary visual cortex, also known as V1 or the striate cortex, receives raw visual input from the eyes via the thalamus. From V1, visual information is then processed in a hierarchical manner through a series of extrastriate visual areas (V2, V3, V4, V5, etc.).

These areas specialize in processing different aspects of vision, such as color, form, motion, and depth. For instance, area V4 is heavily involved in color perception, while area V5 (also known as MT) is crucial for detecting and processing movement. The visual cortex plays a vital role in our ability to see, recognize objects, navigate our environment, and perceive the world around us. Damage to the visual cortex can result in various visual impairments, including blindness, visual field defects, or difficulties in recognizing specific visual stimuli. The intricate network of neurons within the visual cortex allows for the complex interpretation of the light signals that enter our eyes.