nitrogénoxidot

Nitrogénoxidot, also known as nitrogen oxides (NOx), is a collective term for several chemical compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen. The most common forms are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Nitric oxide is a colorless gas, while nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. Both are significant air pollutants.

NOx compounds are formed during high-temperature combustion processes. Major sources include vehicle exhaust, power plants, industrial boilers, and natural sources like lightning and volcanic activity. In the atmosphere, NO is readily oxidized to NO2.

Nitrogen dioxide plays a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. It contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog, which can cause respiratory problems and damage vegetation. NOx also contributes to acid rain and the eutrophication of water bodies.

In the human body, nitric oxide functions as a signaling molecule involved in regulating blood pressure, neurotransmission, and immune responses. However, inhaled NOx pollutants can irritate the respiratory system, exacerbate asthma, and increase susceptibility to lung infections.

Efforts to reduce NOx emissions are a key focus of environmental regulations worldwide. These include using catalytic converters in vehicles, implementing cleaner combustion technologies in industries, and controlling emissions from power generation.