multicasts

Multicast is a network communication method where a single data stream is sent from one source to multiple specific destinations simultaneously. Unlike unicast, which sends data to a single recipient, or broadcast, which sends data to all devices on a network segment, multicast targets a defined group of subscribers. This is achieved by using a special range of IP addresses, known as multicast group addresses. Devices that wish to receive multicast traffic join a specific multicast group by sending an IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) report. Network routers then use multicast routing protocols to efficiently deliver the data only to those network segments where interested receivers are present. This selective delivery makes multicast highly efficient for applications that require one-to-many communication, such as streaming live video, distributing stock market data, or enabling online gaming. By avoiding unnecessary data duplication to non-subscribing devices, multicast significantly reduces network congestion and bandwidth consumption.