motorize

Motorize is a verb meaning to convert a device, vehicle, or mechanism to be powered by a motor, or to increase its reliance on motor power. The term derives from motor, from Latin motor, with the suffix -ize meaning to cause to become. Historically, motorization followed the invention of self-propelled engines in the 19th century and became widespread in the 20th.

In transportation, motorization includes converting bicycles or carts into motorized versions, manufacturing automobiles, motorcycles, and electric microvehicles. In industry and agriculture, equipment such as lawnmowers, tractors, and conveyor systems are motorized to replace manual labor. Marine vessels and aircraft can also be motorized, and in many factories, processes are motorized through electric motors and hydraulic drives. In robotics, motorization refers to adding actuators to perform tasks automatically.

The process involves selecting an appropriate propulsion method (internal combustion engine, electric motor, or hydraulic drive), integrating power transmission, control systems, and safety devices. Key considerations include performance requirements, efficiency, weight, noise, emissions, cost, maintenance, and compliance with local regulations and licensing. Retrofitting may require professional installation and may affect warranty and equipment classification.

In policy and planning contexts, motorization is discussed in terms of its impact on mobility, energy use, and urban design, including trends toward electrification, safety standards, and accessibility. Related concepts include motor vehicle, engine, electric motor, and discussions of motorization in urban planning.