mnogý

Mnogý is a Slavic lexical root and adjectival form meaning "many" or "numerous," known across several Slavic languages in related spellings and functions. It appears historically as Proto-Slavic *mnogъ and survives in modern reflexes such as Russian mnog-, Polish mnog- / mnogo, and Czech/Slovak mnoh- (the g > h sound change in Czech and Slovak accounts for the h variant).

As an adjective or pronominal quantifier, forms derived from this root agree with nouns in gender, number and case and can be used attributively or predicatively. In many contemporary languages the root is realized in both adjectival plural forms (e.g., Russian многие, mnogie, "many") and in adverbial/quantifier forms (e.g., Russian много, mnogo, "much/many"). In Czech and Slovak the corresponding literary/archaic adjective is mnohý, while běžnější modern variants like mnozí (Czech) or the adverb mnoho are used more freely.

The root has yielded a range of derivatives and compounds related to quantity and multiplication (for example, verbs meaning "to multiply" or nouns denoting abundance). Usage today ranges from standard quantifying expressions to more formal or archaic registers depending on the language. Linguistically, the word illustrates common Slavic sound changes and morphological patterns for expressing multiplicity.