meristemáticos

Meristematic tissues are a key component of plant anatomy, responsible for growth. These tissues are characterized by actively dividing cells, a process known as mitosis. The cells within meristems are typically small, isodiametric, and possess dense cytoplasm with a large nucleus. They lack vacuoles or have very small ones and are enclosed by a thin primary cell wall.

There are two main types of meristematic tissues: apical meristems and lateral meristems. Apical meristems are found at the tips of shoots and roots, and they are responsible for primary growth, which increases the length of the plant. This includes the elongation of stems and roots and the development of new leaves and flowers. Lateral meristems, such as the vascular cambium and cork cambium, are responsible for secondary growth, which increases the girth or diameter of stems and roots in woody plants.

Meristematic cells differentiate into various specialized cell types that form the permanent tissues of the plant, such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. The continuous division and differentiation of meristematic cells allow plants to grow, repair damage, and adapt to their environment. Understanding meristematic tissues is fundamental to comprehending plant development and physiology.