matanzas

Matanzas is a city in western Cuba, serving as the capital of Matanzas Province and as the administrative seat of the Matanzas municipality. It lies on the southern shore of the Bay of Matanzas, about 90 kilometers east of Havana, and functions as a regional commercial and transportation hub.

Founded in the late 17th century to defend the bay, Matanzas grew as an urban center during the colonial era. Its historic center preserves examples of 19th‑century architecture and public squares that reflect its colonial heritage.

Notable sites include Teatro Sauto, an opera house inaugurated in 1890; Castillo de San Severino, a seaside fortress; and the nearby Bellamar Caves, among Cuba's oldest tourist caverns. These landmarks illustrate the city’s architectural and natural heritage.

Economy and culture: The surrounding province includes Varadero, one of Cuba's leading seaside resorts, and supports sugar processing, manufacturing, and tourism-related activities. The region is also recognized for cultural traditions in music, dance, theatre, and the arts.

Transportation: Matanzas is connected by road and rail to Havana and other parts of the island, and serves as a port and gateway for bay commerce, supporting regional trade and mobility.