luftgasblandningen

Luftgasblandningen, or air mixture, refers to the specific proportions of gases that constitute the atmosphere of Earth or other planetary bodies. On Earth, dry air is composed of approximately 78 % nitrogen, 21 % oxygen, 0.9 % argon, and 0.1 % carbon dioxide, with trace amounts of neon, helium, methane, krypton, and xenon. These percentages can vary slightly with altitude, humidity, and local environmental conditions. In natural processes, the mixture is maintained by a balance of sources such as photosynthesis, respiration, volcanic activity, and meteorological dynamics, while human activities, notably combustion and industrial emissions, alter the relative concentrations of certain constituents like CO₂ and NOₓ.

The term is frequently used in scientific, industrial, and aerospace contexts. In aviation and atmospheric research, certified air mixtures are prepared for testing aircraft systems, environmental chambers, and combustion engines under controlled conditions. Methods to produce an air mixture involve blending regulated volumes of individual gases through mass flow controllers or by using high-purity gas cylinders and mixing manifolds that ensure uniform distribution. Quality assurance protocols typically require full gas analysis by infrared spectroscopy or gas chromatography to confirm that the mixture meets specified tolerances.

Regulatory bodies, such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and national agencies, publish standards for the composition of laboratory air and industrial gas mixtures. These standards cover impurities, moisture content, and particulate concentration, ensuring consistency for scientific experimentation, safety-critical operations, and compliance with environmental legislation.