lizozomii
Lizozomii are membrane-bound organelles present in most eukaryotic cells. They contain a broad set of acid hydrolases that break down proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates inside an acidic lumen. Through processes such as endocytosis, autophagy, and phagocytosis, they recycle cellular components and help defend against invading material.
Structure and biogenesis: Lysosomes are bounded by a single membrane and maintain an internal pH around 4.5
Functions: Lysosomes participate in endocytosis, phagocytosis, and autophagy, enabling cellular turnover and remodeling. They degrade damaged
Clinical significance: Defects in lysosomal enzymes or transporters cause lysosomal storage disorders, characterized by substrate accumulation.
History: The organelles were identified and named for their degradative function by Christian de Duve in the