limfocitai

Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell crucial to the immune system. They are part of the adaptive immune response, meaning they learn to recognize and target specific pathogens. There are three main types of lymphocytes: B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.

B cells are responsible for producing antibodies, which are proteins that bind to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens, marking them for destruction. Some B cells also develop into memory cells, which provide long-term immunity against previously encountered infections.

T cells play a more diverse role. Helper T cells assist B cells in antibody production and activate other immune cells. Cytotoxic T cells, also known as killer T cells, directly kill infected cells or cancer cells. Like B cells, some T cells become memory cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system and can kill infected or cancerous cells without prior sensitization. They are important for early defense against viral infections and tumors. Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and mature in different lymphoid organs, such as the thymus for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Their proper function is essential for maintaining health and fighting off disease.