jelenértékének

Jelenértékének is a Hungarian term that translates to "present value" in English. It is a fundamental concept in finance and economics used to determine the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows, given a specified rate of return. The core idea is that money available at the present time is worth more than the same amount in the future due to its potential earning capacity through investment.

To calculate present value, one discounts future cash flows back to the present using a discount rate. This discount rate represents the opportunity cost of capital, the required rate of return, or the interest rate. A higher discount rate results in a lower present value, reflecting a greater preference for immediate funds. Conversely, a lower discount rate yields a higher present value.

The formula for calculating the present value (PV) of a single future sum (FV) is PV = FV / (1 + r)^n, where 'r' is the discount rate and 'n' is the number of periods until the future sum is received. For a series of future cash flows, like an annuity, the calculation involves summing the present values of each individual cash flow.

Jelenértékének is crucial for making informed investment decisions, valuing assets, assessing the profitability of projects, and understanding the time value of money. It is a cornerstone of financial analysis and is widely used in corporate finance, real estate, and personal financial planning.