immuunivasteelta

Immune response is the reaction of the immune system to an antigen, which can be a foreign substance such as bacteria or viruses, or an internal abnormality such as a cancer cell. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against pathogens and other threats.

There are two main types of immune responses: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense. It is a non-specific response that is present from birth. Innate immunity includes physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes, as well as cellular defenses such as phagocytes and natural killer cells.

Adaptive immunity is a more specific response that develops over time as the body is exposed to different antigens. Adaptive immunity involves the production of antibodies and the activation of T cells, which are specialized white blood cells. Antibodies are proteins that can bind to antigens and neutralize them. T cells can directly kill infected cells or help to regulate the immune response.

The immune response is a highly regulated process. It is important to maintain a balance between the activation and suppression of immune responses. If the immune system is overactive, it can lead to autoimmune diseases, in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. If the immune system is underactive, it can make the body more susceptible to infections.