immunofluorestsentsanalüüsi

Immunofluorescent analysis is a laboratory technique used to detect and locate specific antigens or antibodies within a sample. This method relies on the use of fluorescently labeled antibodies. In direct immunofluorescence, a fluorescent dye is attached to an antibody that specifically binds to the target antigen. When this labeled antibody encounters the antigen in the sample, it binds to it, and the fluorescence can be visualized under a special microscope. In indirect immunofluorescence, an unlabeled primary antibody binds to the target antigen first. Then, a secondary antibody, which is conjugated to a fluorescent dye, is added. This secondary antibody specifically binds to the primary antibody, thereby labeling the antigen with fluorescence. This method is highly sensitive and can be used to identify the presence and location of various substances in cells, tissues, and biological fluids. It finds widespread applications in medical diagnostics, research, and drug discovery, including the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer.