iluminasi

Iluminasi is the state or process of lighting a space or object and of perceiving light by the human eye. It encompasses both natural light from the environment and artificial lighting produced by lamps and other devices. The concept covers not only the presence of light but also its quality, distribution, and impact on visibility and mood.

The term iluminasi is derived from Latin roots related to illumination and is used in Indonesian to describe the general phenomenon of lighting. In scientific and technical contexts, related terminology includes illuminance, luminance, and luminous flux, which describe how much light reaches a surface, how bright that surface appears, and the total amount of light emitted.

In physics, illumination refers to the amount and distribution of light on a given area. Key photometric quantities include illuminance, measured in lux (lumens per square meter); irradiance, measured in watts per square meter; luminous flux, measured in lumens; color temperature, measured in kelvin; and color rendering index, which describes how faithfully colors appear under a light source. Lighting quality also involves glare, distribution, uniformity, and color rendering.

Applications of iluminasi span architecture, interior design, photography, cinematography, and urban planning. Principles guide daylight design, artificial lighting layouts, energy efficiency, and human-centered lighting that supports comfort and productivity. Technological advances—especially LED lighting and smart controls—have transformed illumination, enabling dynamic, energy-conscious environments and sustainable urban nighttime visibility.

See also: luminescence, luminance, illuminance, lighting design, daylighting.