hydrosfäärissä

The hydrosphere refers to all the water on Earth. This includes water in oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glaciers, ice caps, groundwater, soil moisture, and the atmosphere. Water exists in three states within the hydrosphere: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (water vapor). The vast majority of Earth's water, about 97%, is saltwater found in oceans. Only a small fraction, around 3%, is freshwater. Most of this freshwater is locked up in glaciers and ice caps, with a smaller portion found in groundwater, lakes, and rivers. The hydrosphere is a dynamic system constantly in motion through processes like the water cycle, which involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. This continuous movement and transformation of water are essential for life on Earth, influencing climate, weather patterns, and geological processes. Human activities can significantly impact the hydrosphere, affecting water availability, quality, and the health of aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the hydrosphere is crucial for managing water resources sustainably and addressing environmental challenges.