hipokalaémia

Hypokalemia refers to a lower than normal concentration of potassium in the blood. Potassium is an electrolyte crucial for nerve and muscle function, including the heart. Low potassium levels can arise from various causes, such as vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, certain medications like diuretics, or hormonal imbalances. It can also be a symptom of underlying medical conditions such as kidney disease or hyperaldosteronism.

Symptoms of hypokalemia can range from mild to severe and may include muscle weakness, fatigue, constipation, and irregular heartbeats. In more severe cases, it can lead to paralysis or life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Diagnosis is typically made through a blood test that measures serum potassium levels.

Treatment for hypokalemia involves addressing the underlying cause and replenishing potassium levels. This can be achieved through dietary changes, oral potassium supplements, or intravenous potassium administration in emergency situations. Monitoring potassium levels is important during treatment to ensure normalization and prevent complications.