hidrosféru

The hydrosphere is the total amount of water on a planet. On Earth, it includes all water found on the surface, below the surface, and in the air. This encompasses oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, ice caps, groundwater, and water vapor in the atmosphere. The hydrosphere is a dynamic system, constantly moving and changing through the water cycle.

The vast majority of Earth's water, over 97%, is saltwater found in the oceans. Only a small fraction, less than 3%, is freshwater. Of this freshwater, most is locked up in glaciers and ice caps. The remainder is found in lakes, rivers, groundwater, and the atmosphere.

Water is essential for life on Earth, playing a crucial role in climate regulation, weather patterns, and geological processes. The distribution and availability of water are critical factors for ecosystems and human societies. Understanding the hydrosphere and its dynamics is vital for managing water resources, addressing issues like drought and flooding, and studying climate change. The interaction between the hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere shapes our planet's surface and supports all known life.