hepatocyta

Hepatocytes are the primary functional cells of the liver. These polygonal cells constitute about 70-80% of the liver's mass. They are arranged in plates and cords, forming the intricate structure of the hepatic lobules. Hepatocytes are highly specialized and perform a vast array of metabolic functions essential for the body's survival.

These functions include the synthesis of bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats, and the production of numerous plasma proteins, such as albumin and clotting factors. Hepatocytes play a critical role in carbohydrate metabolism, storing glucose as glycogen and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed to maintain blood glucose levels. They are also central to lipid metabolism, synthesizing cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins.

Furthermore, hepatocytes are involved in detoxification. They metabolize and inactivate various endogenous and exogenous substances, including drugs, toxins, and waste products like ammonia, converting it into urea for excretion. They also store vitamins, such as A, D, E, K, and B12, and minerals like iron and copper. Hepatocytes have a remarkable regenerative capacity, allowing the liver to recover from injury. Their unique structure and diverse functions underscore their importance in maintaining overall health.