glykozidových

Glykozidové refers to compounds that contain a glycosidic bond, a type of covalent bond that links a carbohydrate (a sugar molecule) to another functional group, which can be another carbohydrate or a non-carbohydrate moiety. This linkage is typically formed through a dehydration reaction, where a molecule of water is removed. The carbohydrate part of the molecule is known as the glycone, and the non-carbohydrate part is called the aglycone.

Glycosidic bonds play a crucial role in the structure and function of many biological molecules. For example, they are fundamental to the formation of disaccharides like sucrose and lactose, and polysaccharides such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose. In these cases, the aglycone is another sugar unit. In other instances, the aglycone can be a protein, a lipid, or another small organic molecule.

Many naturally occurring compounds are glycosides. These include substances with important physiological effects. For instance, cardiac glycosides, found in plants like foxglove, are used to treat heart conditions. Flavonoid glycosides, abundant in fruits and vegetables, are known for their antioxidant properties. Saponins are another class of glycosides that exhibit detergent-like properties and are found in various plants. The type of glycosidic bond (alpha or beta) and the specific sugar involved can significantly influence the chemical and biological properties of the resulting glycoside.