glomeruluksista

Glomeruluksista, often referred to as glomeruli in plural, are tiny, intricate structures found within the kidneys. Each kidney contains approximately one million glomeruli, which are the primary sites of filtration in the urinary system. These microscopic units are essentially a cluster of capillaries, a network of very small blood vessels, enclosed within a cup-shaped structure called Bowman's capsule. The main function of the glomerulus is to filter waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood.

During the process of filtration, blood enters the glomerulus under pressure. This pressure forces water and small solutes, such as salts, glucose, and urea, to pass through the thin walls of the capillaries and into Bowman's capsule. Larger molecules like proteins and blood cells are too big to pass through and remain in the bloodstream. The filtered fluid, now called glomerular filtrate, then enters the renal tubules, where further processing occurs to reabsorb essential substances back into the blood and to excrete waste products as urine. Diseases affecting the glomeruli, known as glomerulonephritis, can impair kidney function and lead to serious health issues.