gjithëve

Gjithëve is an Albanian linguistic form that functions as the oblique plural form of the determiner gjitë (gjithë), meaning “all” or “the whole.” It appears in noun phrases when the following noun is in the genitive or dative case, signaling inclusion of every member of a group. In practice, gjithëve is used in contexts where a prepositional or oblique relationship links the noun to the rest of the sentence and a universal or collective sense is intended.

Morphology and usage notes: Gjithëve is one of several inflected forms of the determiner gjitë. The base form gjithë has distinct gender and number forms for the nominative case (for example, i gjithë, e gjithë, të gjithë in various dialects). In oblique contexts, particularly after prepositions, the form gjithëve appears as the appropriate plural oblique variant. It conveys nuances such as “to all of them,” “of all of them,” or “the whole lot,” depending on the surrounding syntax. The form is widely understood in standard Albanian and is common in both written and spoken language.

Relation to other forms: Gjithëve is distinct from the nominative plural të gjithë (masculine) or të gjitha (feminine), which appear in direct or subject positions. The use of gjithëve emphasizes the genitive/dative relation and a totality that includes every member of the group referenced.

See also: Albanian grammar; gjëgjithë forms and inflection patterns; deters and pronouns in Albanian.