geosünhronne

Geosynchronous is a term used to describe an orbit where a satellite's orbital period is the same as the Earth's rotational period. This means that from the perspective of an observer on the ground, the satellite appears to remain in a fixed position in the sky. A geosynchronous orbit is not necessarily geostationary, however. While a geostationary orbit is a specific type of geosynchronous orbit that is circular and lies directly above the Earth's equator, a geosynchronous orbit can be inclined to the equator, meaning the satellite will appear to trace a figure-eight pattern in the sky over a 24-hour period.

The altitude of a geosynchronous orbit is approximately 35,786 kilometers (22,236 miles) above the Earth's mean sea level. This specific altitude is crucial for matching the Earth's rotation. Geosynchronous orbits are vital for various applications, most notably telecommunications satellites, weather satellites, and some broadcast satellites. Their ability to provide continuous coverage over a specific geographic region makes them indispensable for modern communication and Earth observation. The concept was first theorized by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky in the early 20th century and later elaborated upon by Arthur C. Clarke.