fénytörését

Fénytörés, also known as refraction, is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. This phenomenon occurs because the speed of light changes as it enters a different medium. For example, light travels faster in air than in water. When light enters water from air at an angle, its speed decreases, causing it to bend. The amount of bending depends on the refractive index of the two media. The refractive index is a measure of how much light is slowed down when it enters a medium. A higher refractive index means light travels slower in that medium.

Fénytörés explains many everyday observations. It's why a straw in a glass of water appears to be bent, or why objects submerged in water seem closer to the surface than they actually are. This principle is also crucial in the design of lenses for eyeglasses, cameras, and telescopes, allowing them to focus light and form images. The study of refraction has led to advancements in optical instruments and a deeper understanding of how light interacts with matter.