fázisátalakulást

Fázisátalakulás refers to a change in the physical state of a substance. Common examples include melting, boiling, freezing, and condensation. During a phase transition, the substance absorbs or releases energy, typically in the form of heat, without a change in temperature. This energy is known as latent heat. For instance, when ice melts into water at 0 degrees Celsius, energy is absorbed to break the bonds holding the water molecules in a solid structure. Conversely, when water freezes into ice at 0 degrees Celsius, energy is released. Similarly, boiling and condensation involve the transition between liquid and gaseous states, with energy changes occurring at the boiling point. Other phase transitions can occur between solid and gaseous states (sublimation and deposition) or even between different solid crystalline structures. The specific conditions, such as temperature and pressure, determine which phase a substance will exist in and when a phase transition will occur. Understanding fázisátalakulás is fundamental in various scientific and engineering fields, including thermodynamics, materials science, and meteorology.