fluoreszenziót

Fluoreszenziót, often shortened to fluorescence, is a phenomenon where a substance absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a longer wavelength. This emission of light occurs very quickly, typically within nanoseconds of absorption, and stops almost immediately after the excitation source is removed. It is a type of photoluminescence, which is a broader term encompassing phosphorescence. The process involves exciting electrons within the material to a higher energy state. As these electrons return to their ground state, they release energy in the form of photons of light. The color of the emitted light depends on the specific substance and its molecular structure. Fluorescence is observed in a wide range of materials, including organic compounds, minerals, and certain biological molecules. Common applications of fluorescence include its use in fluorescent lamps, where a coating inside the tube fluoresces when exposed to ultraviolet light produced by an electric arc. It is also extensively used in microscopy for visualizing cellular structures and molecules, in analytical chemistry for detecting and quantifying substances, and in security features on currency and identification documents.