ektodermából

Ektoderma is one of the three primary germ layers that form during early embryonic development. It is the outermost of these layers, derived from the epiblast of the inner cell mass. Following gastrulation, the ectoderm gives rise to a wide variety of tissues and organs in the developing embryo.

The fate of ectodermal cells is diverse. A significant portion differentiates into the ectoderm of the skin, forming the epidermis and its derivatives such as hair, nails, and sweat glands. Another crucial lineage is the neuroectoderm, which develops into the entire nervous system. This includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, as well as the sensory organs like the eyes and ears.

Neural crest cells, a transient population that arises from the dorsal aspect of the developing neural tube, are also of ectodermal origin. These cells migrate extensively throughout the embryo and differentiate into a remarkable range of cell types, including melanocytes (pigment cells), cartilage and bone of the face, neurons and glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, and parts of the adrenal medulla.

In summary, the ectoderm is a fundamental embryonic tissue layer responsible for the formation of the outer covering of the body and the entire nervous system, playing a critical role in establishing the structural and functional framework of an organism.