detonátor

A detonator is a device used to initiate an explosion. It typically contains a small explosive charge that, when initiated by a fuse or electrical signal, produces a sufficiently powerful shock wave or heat to set off a larger explosive. Detonators are essential components in blasting operations, fireworks, and in many types of ammunition and explosives.

There are several types of detonators, broadly categorized by their initiation method. Non-electric detonators often use a shock tube, a plastic tube containing a fine powder that burns rapidly when ignited, transmitting the initiation signal to the detonator's base charge. Electric detonators use an electric current to heat a fine wire, which in turn ignites a primer charge. This primer charge then initiates the main explosive charge within the detonator. Other types include blasting caps, which are common in mining and construction, and specialized detonators for military applications.

The design and composition of detonators are critical for safety and reliability. They must be sensitive enough to be initiated by their intended trigger but stable enough to withstand normal handling and storage conditions. The explosive material used in detonators is usually a primary explosive, which is highly sensitive, followed by a secondary explosive that provides the necessary power to detonate the main charge. The careful selection and containment of these explosives are paramount to prevent accidental detonation.