connexin36

Connexin36 (Cx36) is a protein that forms gap junctions in vertebrates. Gap junctions are intercellular channels that allow for the direct electrical and chemical communication between adjacent cells. Cx36 is a member of the connexin family, a group of transmembrane proteins that assemble into hexameric hemichannels. Two hemichannels, one from each of two neighboring cells, dock to form a complete gap junction channel.

Cx36 is primarily expressed in the nervous system, particularly in neurons of the brain and retina. It plays a crucial role in electrical synapse formation, which are specialized junctions that enable rapid signal transmission between neurons. This rapid communication is essential for various neural functions, including sensory processing, motor control, and network synchronization.

Mutations in the GJA8 gene, which encodes Cx36, have been linked to several human diseases. These include certain forms of congenital cataracts, where the lens of the eye becomes opaque. Research also suggests that Cx36 may be involved in other neurological conditions, although the exact mechanisms are still under investigation. Understanding the function of Cx36 is important for developing therapeutic strategies for these disorders.