cirkulationen

Cirkulationen is a term used across several disciplines to describe the movement of substances, energy, or objects through a defined system. It characterizes how inputs are transported, distributed, and returned within a loop, maintaining flow and balance in biological, physical, and economic contexts.

In physiology, the circulatory system ensures continuous blood flow between the heart and tissues. Blood is pumped through arteries, passes into capillaries where exchange occurs, and returns via veins. This system supports oxygen delivery, nutrient transport, waste removal, and immune function, and it is regulated by neural and hormonal signals.

In geosciences, atmospheric circulation refers to large-scale air movement driven by solar heating and the rotation of the Earth. It creates patterns such as Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells and produces jet streams, shaping regional climates. Ocean circulation involves surface currents and deep thermohaline flows that redistribute heat and nutrients, influencing weather, climate, and marine ecosystems.

In economics and publishing, circulation denotes the flow of assets or information. Money circulation relates to the velocity of money in an economy. Publishing uses circulation to describe the distribution and readership of periodicals, while libraries track the circulation of items through loans and returns.

Disruptions to circulation can indicate health problems, climate-related shifts, or liquidity issues in markets, underscoring the central role of circulation in systems that depend on continuous exchange.