centroszómához

Centroszómához is the Hungarian term for centrosome. The centrosome is a primary microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells and some lower plant species. It is typically located near the cell nucleus and plays a crucial role in cell division by organizing the mitotic spindle, which segregates chromosomes. The centrosome consists of two centrioles, oriented perpendicular to each other, surrounded by a proteinaceous matrix called the pericentriolar material (PCM). The centrioles themselves are cylindrical structures composed of nine triplets of microtubules. In addition to its role in mitosis, the centrosome is also involved in the formation of cilia and flagella, which are important for cell motility and sensing. While the centrosome is essential for the proper functioning of many eukaryotic cells, its precise contribution to cell cycle progression and other cellular processes is still an active area of research. Its presence is a distinguishing feature of animal cells, differentiating them from many plant cells which lack centrosomes but still organize microtubules.