centrosomája

Centrosome is a cylindrical organelle found in animal cells. It is composed of two centrioles arranged perpendicularly, surrounded by a matrix of protein and RNA. The centrosome plays a crucial role in cell division, particularly in mitosis and meiosis, where it serves as the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). During cell division, the centrosome duplicates and the two daughter centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell, forming the mitotic spindle. This spindle is essential for the separation of chromosomes during anaphase.

The centrosome also has a role in cell motility and cilia formation. In some cell types, such as those in the respiratory tract, the centrosome is involved in the formation of cilia, which are hair-like projections that help move mucus and other substances out of the lungs.

The centrosome is a dynamic structure that can change in size and shape depending on the cell's needs. It can also be involved in signaling pathways, regulating gene expression and cell growth.

In summary, the centrosome is a vital organelle in animal cells, involved in cell division, motility, and signaling. Its structure and function are tightly regulated to ensure proper cell function and division.