butüülmagneesiumkloriidi

Butylmagnesium chloride is an organometallic compound with the chemical formula C4H9MgCl. It is a Grignard reagent, a class of compounds characterized by a carbon-magnesium bond. These reagents are highly reactive and are widely used in organic synthesis as nucleophiles for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.

Butylmagnesium chloride is typically prepared by reacting butyl chloride with magnesium metal in an ethereal solvent, such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran. The reaction is exothermic and requires careful control of temperature and reaction conditions. The resulting solution is usually a clear to slightly cloudy liquid and is sensitive to moisture and air.

In organic synthesis, butylmagnesium chloride serves as a versatile building block. It can react with a variety of electrophiles, including aldehydes, ketones, esters, and epoxides, to create more complex molecules. For example, its reaction with formaldehyde yields 1-butanol, while its reaction with acetone produces 2-methyl-2-butanol. These reactions are fundamental to the synthesis of alcohols, alkanes, and other functionalized organic compounds. Due to its reactivity, butylmagnesium chloride is usually handled under an inert atmosphere and stored in tightly sealed containers. It is commercially available as a solution in solvents like tetrahydrofuran.