benmärgshistologi

Benmärgshistologi refers to the microscopic examination of bone marrow tissue. This examination is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of blood disorders and cancers. Bone marrow is a spongy tissue found within bones that is responsible for producing blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Histological analysis involves taking a sample of bone marrow, typically through a biopsy or aspiration, and preparing it for microscopic viewing.

A histologist or pathologist will examine the cellularity of the marrow, which indicates the proportion of blood-forming cells to fat cells. They also assess the morphology of individual cell types, looking for abnormalities in size, shape, or nuclear structure. The presence of specific cell populations, such as immature cells or abnormal blast cells, can be indicative of leukemia or other myeloproliferative disorders. Furthermore, the examination can reveal the presence of metastatic cancer cells, infections, or storage diseases. Special stains and immunohistochemistry techniques can be employed to further characterize cellular components and identify specific markers. The findings from bone marrow histology are essential for establishing a diagnosis, determining the stage of a disease, and guiding treatment decisions.