baterija

Baterija refers to an electrochemical cell that stores and supplies electrical energy. It consists of one or more voltaic cells, which convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions. These cells typically contain two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, made of different materials, and an electrolyte that allows ions to move between them. The flow of electrons between the electrodes through an external circuit constitutes an electric current.

There are primary batteries, which are designed for single use and cannot be recharged once their chemical reactants are depleted, and secondary batteries, also known as rechargeable batteries, which can be discharged and recharged multiple times. Common examples of primary batteries include alkaline batteries and zinc-carbon batteries. Rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lead-acid batteries, are widely used in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. The performance of a battery is characterized by its voltage, capacity, energy density, and power density. Safety considerations are also important, as some battery chemistries can pose risks if mishandled.