backlow

Backlow refers to the unintended backward flow of fluid in a piping system. This phenomenon is typically undesirable as it can lead to contamination of the source supply, damage to equipment, and inefficient operation. Backflow can occur due to a variety of reasons, including a drop in water pressure, the operation of pumps, or the siphoning effect.

There are two main types of backflow: backsiphonage and backpressure. Backsiphonage occurs when the pressure in the supply line drops below atmospheric pressure, creating a vacuum that can draw contaminated fluid back into the potable water system. Backpressure occurs when the pressure in a connected system, such as a boiler or a processing tank, becomes higher than the supply pressure, forcing fluid backward.

To prevent backflow, various devices are employed. These include backflow preventers, check valves, and vacuum breakers. Backflow preventers are designed to allow fluid to flow in only one direction, stopping any reverse flow. Check valves are a simpler form of backflow prevention, opening to permit flow in one direction and closing to prevent flow in the opposite direction. Vacuum breakers are specifically designed to prevent backsiphonage by introducing air into the system when negative pressure is detected. Proper installation and regular maintenance of these devices are crucial for ensuring their effectiveness and safeguarding water quality.