aktíninu

Aktinin is a protein found in muscle and non-muscle cells. In muscle cells, it plays a crucial role in the structure and organization of the sarcomere, the basic contractile unit of muscle. Specifically, alpha-actinin is a major component of the Z-discs, which are protein structures that anchor the thin filaments (actin) and give the sarcomere its characteristic striated appearance. By cross-linking actin filaments, alpha-actinin helps to stabilize the sarcomere and transmit contractile forces.

In non-muscle cells, actinin is also involved in organizing the actin cytoskeleton. It contributes to cell shape, cell adhesion, and cell movement. Different isoforms of actinin exist, with specific roles in different cell types and cellular processes. The interaction of actinin with actin is a dynamic process, regulated by various cellular signals. Mutations in actinin genes have been linked to certain muscle diseases, highlighting its importance in muscle function and integrity.