adiabaat

Adiabatic refers to a process where no heat is exchanged between a system and its surroundings. This means the system is perfectly insulated. In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process is one in which the entropy of the system remains constant, provided the process is also reversible. If an adiabatic process is irreversible, entropy will increase. A common example is the rapid expansion or compression of a gas. If a gas expands quickly, it does work on its surroundings, and without heat entering the system, its internal energy decreases, leading to a drop in temperature. Conversely, rapid compression of a gas requires work to be done on the system. This work increases the internal energy, and without heat leaving, the temperature rises. Real-world processes are rarely perfectly adiabatic, but many processes, such as those occurring very quickly, can be approximated as adiabatic. This concept is fundamental in understanding engines, refrigerators, and atmospheric phenomena like cloud formation.