Vertebraalisia

Vertebraalisia refers to the vertebral arteries, which are crucial blood vessels in the neck. They arise from the subclavian arteries, located in the upper chest, and ascend through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, a series of openings in the bones of the neck. As they travel upwards, these arteries are protected by the bony structures of the spine.

Upon reaching the skull, the two vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity by passing through the foramen magnum, the large opening at the base of the skull. Once inside, they merge to form the basilar artery. This union is a significant event as it creates a critical component of the brain's blood supply system, known as the circle of Willis.

The vertebral arteries supply blood to the posterior part of the brain. This includes vital structures such as the brainstem, cerebellum, and parts of the occipital and temporal lobes. Disruptions to the blood flow through the vertebral arteries, whether due to conditions like atherosclerosis, dissection, or compression, can lead to serious neurological deficits. These can range from dizziness and vertigo to more severe symptoms like stroke, affecting motor control, sensation, and other brain functions. The anatomical course of the vertebral arteries makes them susceptible to injury from trauma to the neck.