UVspektroskopian

UVspektroskopian, or ultraviolet spectroscopy, is an analytical technique used to measure the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by a sample. It is based on the principle that molecules absorb electromagnetic radiation at specific wavelengths, which is dependent on their chemical structure. When a molecule absorbs UV or visible light, electrons in its outer orbitals are excited to higher energy levels. The amount of light absorbed at a particular wavelength is proportional to the concentration of the analyte, according to the Beer-Lambert Law.

The technique involves passing a beam of UV or visible light through a sample contained in a cuvette. A detector then measures the intensity of the light that has passed through the sample. The difference between the incident light intensity and the transmitted light intensity is the absorbed light. This absorption is plotted against wavelength to produce a spectrum, which is unique to each substance.

UV-Vis spectroscopy is widely used in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. It is employed for quantitative analysis to determine the concentration of known substances, as well as for qualitative analysis to identify unknown compounds based on their spectral fingerprints. Common applications include determining the concentration of DNA and proteins in biological samples, analyzing the purity of pharmaceuticals, and monitoring chemical reactions. The instrumentation typically consists of a light source, a monochromator to select specific wavelengths, a sample holder, and a detector.