URIazonosítók

URIazonosítók, or URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers), are sequences of characters used to identify a resource. They are a fundamental concept in the architecture of the World Wide Web and are used to name and locate various entities, such as web pages, documents, images, and even abstract concepts. URIs are designed to be unique and unambiguous, ensuring that a specific resource can be reliably referenced.

The most common type of URI is the URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which not only identifies a resource but also specifies its location and the mechanism for retrieving it. For example, a URL like "https://www.example.com/page.html" indicates the protocol (HTTPS), the domain name (www.example.com), and the specific path to the resource (/page.html).

Another type of URI is the URN (Uniform Resource Name). URNs are intended to provide a persistent, location-independent identifier for a resource. While a URN identifies a resource, it does not necessarily specify how to access it. For instance, "urn:isbn:0-395-36341-1" is a URN that identifies a specific book by its ISBN.

URIs are structured according to specific syntax rules. They typically consist of a scheme (e.g., http, https, ftp, mailto, urn), followed by a colon, and then a scheme-specific part. This scheme-specific part can further be divided into components like authority, path, query, and fragment, depending on the URI type and scheme. The use of URIs is crucial for the interoperability and organization of information on the internet and in other systems that rely on resource identification.