Tonniin

Tonniin is a term that appears to be a misspelling or a less common variation of "tannin". Tannins are a class of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds found in many plants. They are known for their astringent taste, which can be perceived as dryness or puckering in the mouth. This astringency is due to tannins binding to proteins, including those in saliva.

Tannins play a role in plant defense, protecting them from herbivores and pathogens. They are abundant in the bark, leaves, wood, roots, and fruits of many plants. Common sources include tea leaves, coffee beans, grapes (particularly in wine), cocoa beans, oak wood, and certain fruits like pomegranates and cranberries.

In various industries, tannins have found diverse applications. They are used in the production of leather (tanning), as dyes, in inks, and as clarifying agents in beverages like wine and beer. Their antioxidant properties have also led to interest in their potential health benefits, although research is ongoing. The specific chemical structure and properties of tannins vary depending on their botanical origin, leading to different applications and sensory characteristics.