Szénanyagcsere

Szénanyagcsere refers to the biogeochemical cycle of carbon. It describes the movement of carbon atoms between the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, and living organisms. This cycle is fundamental to life on Earth, as carbon is a key component of all organic molecules.

The primary forms of carbon involved in the cycle include carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and dissolved in oceans, organic matter in soils and organisms, and carbonate rocks in the Earth's crust. Photosynthesis by plants and algae is a major process that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, converting it into organic compounds. Respiration by plants, animals, and microorganisms releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.

Decomposition of dead organic matter also plays a significant role, returning carbon to the soil and eventually to the atmosphere through microbial activity. The oceans are a vast reservoir of carbon, absorbing and releasing CO2 from the atmosphere. Over geological timescales, carbon is also stored in sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels.

Human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to an increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and contributing to climate change. Understanding szénanyagcsere is crucial for addressing environmental challenges and maintaining the health of the planet.