Spektralfotometern

Spektralfotometern, or spectrophotometer in English, is an analytical instrument used to measure the quantity of light that a sample absorbs or transmits. It operates by passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring how much of that light is absorbed at different wavelengths. This information is then used to determine the concentration of a specific substance within the sample, or to identify the substance itself based on its unique absorption spectrum.

The basic components of a spectrophotometer include a light source, a monochromator, a sample holder, and a detector. The light source typically emits light across a broad spectrum. The monochromator then selects a specific wavelength of light to pass through the sample. The sample, usually in a cuvette, absorbs some of this light. The detector measures the intensity of the light that passes through the sample. By comparing the intensity of light before and after it passes through the sample, the instrument can calculate the absorbance or transmittance at that particular wavelength. By scanning through a range of wavelengths, a full absorption spectrum can be generated.

Spektralfotometern are widely used in various scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and materials science. They are essential tools for quantitative analysis, such as determining the concentration of solutions, monitoring chemical reactions, and identifying unknown substances. In biological research, they are used for applications like measuring DNA or protein concentrations. Their versatility and accuracy make them indispensable instruments in many laboratories.